News / Blog

The Silent Strength Behind Every Successful EventEvery seasoned event professional has seen it all, rain-soaked fields, gusting winds, and the inevitable "We need to add a catering tent now." A marquee isn’t just a structure; it’s a lifeline. But when did you last...

Chapter 5: Marquees as Secure, Flexible Spaces for Heavy Machinery and ToolsA quiet dawn settles over the construction site. Metal giants—cranes, diggers, drills, stand sentinel, waiting for the day’s work to begin. Tools, intricate and priceless, are tucked away in...

Chapter 4: Construction Project HubsWhen a construction site starts humming with the first notes of machinery, something invisible but critical also kicks into gear, the need for a place where minds meet, plans evolve, and logistics unfold in real-time. Picture this:...

Chapter 3: Weathering All Conditions:The sun barely peeks through a sky heavy with clouds, the kind that hang low and brooding, ready to unleash who-knows-what at the first rumble. Construction managers are out, their radios crackling with updates about delays,...

Chapter 2: "More Than Shelter: A Marquee’s Role in On-Site Productivity"When we think of marquees, “storage” is often the first thing that comes to mind. But at Purvis Marquee Hire, we’ve seen these structures go above and beyond, serving as bespoke, mobile workshops....

Chapter 1: "Built to Suit"Some construction sites feel like they’re playing out a script written by a trickster god, endless adjustments, unpredictable timelines, and new requirements popping up out of nowhere. You’re in one moment, setting up a command centre, and...

A Deep Dive into Sustainable Event PlanningA New Era of “Green Celebrations” The concept of “Green Celebrations” isn’t just a trendy buzzword. It’s a movement, a rethinking of every decision we make in planning and executing large-scale events. It’s about making sure...

Sometimes, in the world of large-scale events and industrial needs, there’s a moment when you simply can’t afford to wait. Whether it’s an urgent requirement following a fire, a surge in demand for temporary storage, or the need to transform a barren site into a...

Corporate events are evolving beyond traditional conference rooms and hotel ballrooms. Today, more businesses are embracing the allure of the open air, setting the stage for unforgettable experiences that go far beyond the ordinary. Obviously creating a successful...

The automotive world is changing rapidly, and so is the way people want to experience cars. The traditional dealership has its place, but let’s be honest: it can feel sterile and disconnected from the excitement of real life. The mobile showroom flips that script by...

At Purvis Marquee Hire, safety is our top priority. For event professionals managing large-scale outdoor events, ensuring a secure environment is critical. Here’s an outline of how to get it right: Risk Management Comprehensive risk assessments: Dive deep into every...

The countdown is on. Edinburgh Cocktail Week is back, and it’s bigger, and bolder than ever before. Ten days of pop-ups, bespoke drinks, and events scattered across the city, yet the true heart of it all? That iconic Cocktail Village in Festival Square, the beating...

What do a stockpile of FMCG products, a makeshift manufacturing plant, and 1,000 head of livestock have in common? They’ve all lived under our roofs. Not your typical roof, though. Picture something a little more...flexible, modular, and perfectly designed to suit any...

Large-scale events aren’t exactly light on the planet. Between transportation, power needs, waste, and temporary, reusable structures, it’s no secret that events can leave a hefty carbon footprint. The logistics of creating multiple event sites across the UK, while...

We’re thrilled—no, we’re electrified—to announce that Purvis Marquee Hire has just clinched the Green Business Benchmark 'Platinum Certified' award, the highest honour available. This isn’t just a plaque to hang on the wall; it’s a testament to a commitment that runs...

Sometimes, You Need a Roof Before the Roof Picture this: a sprawling construction site, workers are racing against the clock, and the clouds, while valuable equipment sits exposed to the elements. Rain? Snow? Even a sudden gust of wind can bring operations to a...

Temporary industrial extension If you're managing an industrial estate and everything’s on the line. Delays cost time and money, and you need a solution that won’t buckle under pressure—just like you. Enter Purvis Marquee Hire, the unsung heroes of industrial site...

Surviving the Unpredictable - When Your Project's on a Knife-Edge It happens, the nightmare you've been dreading, you're running operations smoothly, managing multiple sites, everything working seamlessly. Then suddenly, your supply chain shifts, material costs spike...

Construction site marquees Your project is monumental, a feat of engineering, but the weather? Less than ideal. Rain clouds loom, and you’re staring down a potential delay that could cost time and money—two things no project manager can afford to waste. You need a...

More Than Just a Shelter When you’re an event professional with multiple large-scale projects on the go, you don’t have time to second-guess your infrastructure. Your reputation depends on everything working seamlessly. So, when it comes to marquee hire, you need a...

The Art of Attracting Media Attention You need to think like a journalist before you even pitch to one. Journalists are storytellers at heart. They’re not just looking for an event; they’re looking for a story—a hook that will capture their audience’s attention. That...

The Edinburgh Festival It's in full swing and if you're new to the city it's exciting, there's so much happening, it's a complete assault on the senses. If you live or work in the "old town" section of Edinburgh, every 20 yards there's someone fresh faced,...

Don't think of a grey horse You just did, didn't you? That’s the human brain for you, the stubborn beast that insists on doing the exact opposite of what it’s told not to do. As event professionals, we know this better than most. We’re constantly managing the...

Running the distance There’s something undeniably exhilarating about the roar of a starting gun. The tension in the air, the thrum of feet on tarmac, the focused determination in every eye—organising outdoor athletic events is not just a logistical challenge; it’s a...

Festival Fever Picture this: a sprawling festival stretching across multiple sites, each with its own unique character and logistical quirks. This is where the magic happens, behind the curtain, where seasoned professionals orchestrate the grand symphony of a...

Kid-Friendly Outdoors How do you make large-scale outdoor events kid-friendly? If you've ever tried to blend the excitement of an outdoor gala with the unpredictable energy of children, you know it's no small feat. The Family-First Approach Picture this: a sprawling...

Local flavours The aroma of sizzling vegan haggis pakora wafting through a misty Scottish morning. The sweet, rich taste of Welsh cakes, still warm, complementing a fresh cup of coffee. Imagine these local delights greeting your guests as they step into your event....

Cows on the Runway The agricultural show—a quintessential British tradition that’s part carnival, part trade fair, and all about celebrating rural life. It’s a world where wellington boots are as crucial as business cards, and where Purvis Marquee Hire has made a name...

Beyond the Tent Purvis Marquee Hire, where innovation meets tradition in marquee solutions. Today, we're diving deep into the art of shelter—exploring how to transcend the humble tent and create truly remarkable spaces for outdoor events. The Evolution of Event...

Capturing Our Stories We all know the anticipation that accompanies setting up a large-scale outdoor event. But take a moment to appreciate the journey that gets you there. Our stories, challenges, triumphs, and yes, the occasional mishap that make these events...

Making Every Terrain Work for You As event professionals, we know that transforming any terrain into a comfortable, functional space for guests requires ingenuity, expertise, and a touch of magic. At Purvis Marquee Hire, we have mastered this art.  The Terrain...

Success Stories and Best Practices Despite the potential pitfalls, launching products in the open air can be an exhilarating and hugely successful endeavour. Here at Purvis Marquee Hire, we have seen it all, and we’re here to share our insider knowledge on how to make...

When England took on Spain in the Euro 2024 final, and the nation’s hopes were riding high, the players, the coaches, the support staff – everyone worked tirelessly to get there. Every piece was in place, the strategy meticulously planned, the execution flawless. And...

Reliable Marquee Options for Outdoor Exhibitions Agricultural shows are the crown jewels of the rural calendar and are the lifeblood of the countryside, bringing together farmers, traders, and enthusiasts in a celebration of rural life. Behind the rustic charm and...

Corporate events are a different breed. They demand sophistication, precision, and a certain panache that sets them apart from the usual garden parties or festivals. Here at Purvis Marquee Hire, we understand that when you’re planning an event for top-tier clients or...

As with any grand film production, creating the perfect event space starts with a vision. Imagine you're crafting a movie set—every detail must be deliberate, every element carefully placed to support the narrative. This is how we (Purvis Marquee Hire) approach each...

At Purvis Marquee Hire, we understand the intricate dance of large-scale event planning. Having spent years in the marquee industry, we've seen trends come and go, but the clearspan marquee has remained a steadfast favourite for a reason. It’s the Swiss Army knife of...

Our mission at Purvis Marquee Hire is to be the problem-solving physical infrastructure specialists every outdoor event director needs. The Backbone of Excellence You might be thinking, "Why do I need to worry about certifications and memberships?" We picture them as...

Behind every successful outdoor event lies a labyrinth of permits and permissions, a puzzle that can make or break even the most meticulously planned gathering. Navigating the Bureaucratic Maze Securing the right permits and permissions for a public outdoor events...

We've seen it, you’re in the midst of planning a colossal outdoor event, juggling logistics, guest lists, and timelines.. You’ve nailed the location, finalised the entertainment, there's excitement in the air. Yet, amidst the hustle and bustle, something feels...

As an event professional, your mission is to craft unforgettable experiences, ensuring every detail leaves a lasting impression. At Purvis Marquee Hire, we’re not just about providing shelters; we’re about creating memories. Following is our approach to crafting an...

Each season brings its unique charm and opportunities, providing us with the canvas to create unforgettable experiences. From the frost-kissed mornings of winter to the sun-soaked afternoons of summer, themed events allow us to work with event professionals who craft...

It's a crisp morning, the kind where you can feel the anticipation in the air. The dew is barely settled, yet the Purvis Marquee Hire team is already a hive of activity. A sprawling field is being transformed into a festival ground, with marquees standing tall and...

Incorporating Rest Areas into Event Planning The relentless thud of music, buzz of activity, hum of conversation, the non-stop movement from one marquee to another – such is the life of a big outdoor event. Amidst all this excitement and energy, have you ever thought...

The last thing you need amidst a jubilant atmosphere at your event, is an overlooked group. We need to make sure your brilliant event is not marred by the oversight of inclusivity. In event management, everyone needs to ensure accessibility isn’t just a checkbox on a...

The sky was clear, the sun radiant, and the air hummed with anticipation. Hundreds of visitors were expected at the grand opening of a sprawling event, the result of months of meticulous planning and coordination. Yet, as the day unfolded, dark clouds gathered, and an...

In our decades of managing events, we’ve seen it all—from sudden downpours turning fields into mud baths to unexpected medical emergencies in the most secluded of sites. Planning for such contingencies isn't just a best practice; it’s an absolute necessity. "Expect...

The Magic of the First Impression First impressions are everything. It can set the tone for the entire event. As your guests arrive, they should be greeted by a sight that instantly immerses them into the event’s theme. Consider a grand entrance marquee with elegant...

The unpredictability of nature provides an awe-inspiring backdrop, it also presents a distinct set of challenges, particularly when it comes to audio. Yes, that ethereal quality of a bird's song can quickly turn into a nightmare when your keynote speaker's voice is...

With over fifty years in the marquee industry, we've mastered the transformation of empty spaces into vibrant venues for large-scale, outdoor events. Effective Planning for Multi-Site Events Designing for multi-site events requires more than just putting up a series...

At Purvis Marquee Hire, we specialise in transforming empty spaces into vibrant venues for large-scale events. With decades of experience in the industry, our expertise lies in providing tailored marquee solutions for outdoor events that require meticulous planning...

At Purvis Marquee Hire, there's a promise we make—not just to our clients, but to the ground that hosts the events we support. It’s a commitment that resonates deeply in our operations and philosophy: "Leave No Trace." The term "Leave No Trace" might seem idealistic,...

Welcome to the grand theatre of outdoor events, where every detail is a stroke of orchestrated genius, from the flutter of a marquee wall to the flicker of a screen broadcasting live to an audience far beyond the physical confines of the site. In event planning,...

Event marketing is currently the star player in the IPA’s new Bellwether report, showing an unrivalled streak of growth over nine consecutive quarters. But why are savvy marketers increasingly investing in live events despite tightening budgets? The allure, as we've...

As I stand amidst a sprawling landscape transformed by sweeping, elegant marquees, it's almost surreal to remember it as the empty green field it was just days ago. My name is James Clark, and for almost two decades, with Purvis Marquee Hire, I've had the honour of...

As the sun sets and twilight blankets the sky, your guests are stepping into a world crafted under the stars—a canvas of possibilities, a symphony of lights, and an experience that will echo in their memories for years to come. This is an adventure into the night,...

With decades in the marquee industry, we've witnessed a significant transformation. Gone are the days of single-use, throw-away event setups. Today, the narrative has shifted towards sustainability. This is not just a trend but a necessity, as we strive to minimise...

Mistake #1: Forgetting Mother Nature Has a Seat at Your Table The UK’s weather is as unpredictable. Planning an outdoor event without a weather contingency plan is a risk not worth taking. At Purvis, we’ve got your back with all weather solutions. Designed to stand...

Long before the crowds arrive Purvis Marquee Hire steps into the arena, not as the main act, but as dedicated teams working tirelessly behind the scenes to ensure every large-scale event unfolds without a hitch. For decades, we've been the silent grafters of some of...

As dawn breaks over the serpentine stretch of the Thames that hosts the venerable Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race, a symphony of activity unfolds on the banks. This weekend, as crews from two of the world's most prestigious universities dip their oars in anticipation,...

Finding the perfect mobile food service is like discovering the secret ingredient that transforms a good event into a legendary one. So, how do you embark on this quest for culinary excellence on wheels? Beginning Your Culinary Quest Your journey starts with the event...

This morning, as the sun began to chase away the last remnants of Edinburgh's morning mist, our team found ourselves not amidst the familiar canvas and frames of our marquees but within the innovative embrace of the new Port of Leith Distillery. The event, hosted by...

Unveiling the Future of Outdoor Events with a Glimpse into Paris 2024 At Purvis Marquee Hire, we've long championed the belief that every event, irrespective of its size, is a story waiting to be told. A story made not only of moments that take your breath away but...

Lessons from Cheltenham Races on Mastering Large-Scale Events and Unlocking the Power of Sponsorship If you're into horse racing you'll know that tomorrow in Cheltenham, there's a palpable buzz traveling through the air first thing in morning. The Cheltenham Festival,...

Tradition has long been the guiding star for event professionals, a lighthouse in the often turbulent seas of planning and execution. Yet, the question arises: Are we anchored by tradition, or are we, trapped by it?  Tradition, with its rich hues and textures, has...

In the spirit of supporting our community of Event Managers and your teams, we've dived into a bit of research and analysis as the event space becomes more and more competitive. At Purvis Marquee Hire, we recognise our place in the supply chain for creating dynamic...

The challenge of preserving the natural beauty and integrity of outdoor venues, while providing a safe, stable, and aesthetically pleasing environment for guests, has never been more critical. Today, at Purvis Marquees I want to share our journey and insights into how...

If you were to look back not in search of replication but for the essence that made an event truly remarkable, where would you start? This blog post is not to supply the answers but to peel back the layers of a most cherished event, understanding its core, and asking...

Purvis Marquee Hire have refined our approach to not just meet but exceed the needs of events across the UK. Our journey has been shaped by understanding that at the heart of every successful event lies a combination of key skills and qualities. They include: 1. The...

As we navigate the complexities of 2024, we share our contemplations on the pivotal areas that demand our collective attention. 1. Digital Integration and Hybrid Events The realm of events has witnessed a paradigm shift, with digital integration becoming an...

The heart and soul of most memorable celebrations often centres on two things: the people and the dance floor. At Purvis, we've long understood the magnetic pull of a dance floor. It's where moments are made, where the Arctic Monkeys could tell you, "I bet you look...

In the intricate world of event planning, the distinction between a good event and a great one often lies in the subtle art of branding and theming. Here, we share our insights into the elements that, when skillfully combined, can elevate an event from ordinary to...

Our latest adventure at Purvis Marquee Hire see's us venturing into the heart of the onshore wind turbine industry. It's a tale that weaves together innovation, resilience, and the sheer power of human ingenuity, set against the backdrop of the rugged, windswept...

In event management, the question isn't just about what can be done, but rather how to transcend the ordinary and bring to life an experience that remains etched in the memory of the guests during your event. We operate under a philosophy that every idea deserves to...

As a representative voice of Purvis Marquee Hire Ltd, I'd like to share our journey and achievements in becoming a "Gold Certified" green business, as recognised by the Green Business Benchmark. This certification is a testament to our commitment to sustainability and...

Purvis Marquees have been privileged to witness the city's evolution into a dynamic hub for film and television production. Through our experiences, we've gathered unique insights into how Edinburgh's thriving film sector operates and the ways in which various...

As a team at Purvis Marquees, we are honoured to share our collaboration with Giulio Barbieri, a renowned name in the world of outdoor structures. This partnership symbolises our commitment to bringing innovative, stylish, and high-quality solutions to our clients...

While Purvis Marquees stands as a beacon of excellence in the world of marquee hire we also offer marquees for sale. As we have evolved from a small local enterprise to a leading name in the industry and known for our impeccable service and top-quality marquees. The...

Many people associate marquees with weddings and corporate functions. Here are eight innovative uses of marquees we've supported over the years. Just helping to showcase their adaptability and potential to create unique environments for diverse occasions. 1. Art...

The diversity in our marquee styles is particularly notable, with options ranging from clearspan marquees and pagodas to century tents and bespoke designs. We provide an array of choices to suit every event’s unique requirements. The marquees are not just structures;...

When planning an outdoor event, whether it's a high-profile corporate gathering, a bustling festival, or a wedding, one of the pivotal decisions you'll face is selecting the right marquee. This choice is not just about shelter; it's about creating an ambience,...

As an Event professional, you know that the success of your outdoor event hinges on a multitude of factors. One crucial element is the choice of the marquee structure. Clearspan marquees have become the go-to solution for their versatility, durability, and aesthetic...

Nestled between a statue and park benches in the city centre an unexpected yet alluring sight—a marquee, its white canvas gleaming under the soft caress of the afternoon sun. It stands proudly, not upon the lush turf you might expect, but upon the solid, gray expanse...

At Purvis Marquee Hire, the essence of our commitment to safety and client satisfaction has always been guided by a fundamental principle: excellence in service, paired with an unwavering commitment to safety. The Backbone of Our Safety Policy At Purvis, our approach...

Surviving the Elements: How Marquees are supporting on-site construction work If you work in construction, every day can be a race against time and the elements. You'll have seen first-hand how adverse weather can turn a well-planned schedule into a chaotic...

If you're the parent or other half of a rugby player, you'll know that hosting a party when you reach the final is a given. It's almost as if the thrill of the game spills over into our lives, demanding a celebration that matches the intensity and excitement of the...

Picture this: A sprawling lawn in front of an ancient castle, the kind of place where every stone whispers tales of the past. Now, imagine transforming this space into a modern venue, perfect for any event, while still respecting and preserving its historical essence....

Last Friday and Saturday marked another exciting collaboration for Purvis Marquee Hire, as we had the privilege of working with Rogue City Productions on an event for the People's Postcode Lottery. This partnership isn't new to us; we've had the pleasure of...

Spaces around us can be transformed and inspire your guests. This is particularly true where the setting plays a crucial role in creating an unforgettable experience. That's where the expertise of Purvis Marquee Hire becomes invaluable, especially when it comes to our...

On the back of our support of Scotland football at Hampden our attention reverts back to rugby! And as I sit here in the heart of Scotland, surrounded by the palpable excitement for the continuing rugby events, I can't help but feel a sense of pride and anticipation...

As the crisp, festive air descends over Edinburgh, heralding the approach of the Christmas season, it's a time for businesses to reflect, celebrate, and look forward to the year ahead. So I thought I'd guide you through the enchanting world of corporate events with a...

The Pagoda, boasting the largest stock in Scotland, and possibly the UK, these marquees are not just shelters but architectural statements that can elevate any event, be it a branded corporate gathering a community festival, a game fair or large sporting event. The...

Gone are the days when fireworks were the only option for a spectacular show. Now, as the public becomes increasingly aware of the environmental impact and the distress caused to wildlife and pets, the shift towards a more sustainable spectacle is evident. In the...

Event managers tasked with the demanding role of coordinating large outdoor sports events, we are firmly of the belief that the devil is in the detail. Here are some valuable points from Purvis Marquee Hire to ensure your event is as seamless as it is spectacular:...

As I reflect on the journey of Purvis Marquees, I'm reminded that the melody of a music event is not just in its performances but also in the symphony of its organisation. Our expertise is the backdrop to many of the crescendos that the live music industry has...

Walking through the vibrant streets of cities and towns across Cumbria and Scotland, you can't help but notice the myriad of events that bring communities together. From local fairs in town squares to grand festivals in expansive city parks, each gathering is a...

As the team behind Purvis Marquee Hire, we've always prided ourselves on providing exceptional services for events, and corporate gatherings. But recently, we've noticed a surge in a different kind of request: supporting farmers with temporary housing for their...

If you're still hooked on the same old venues, cramped spaces, and dimly lit rooms, it's time to see the light—literally. We, at Purvis Marquees, want to make a bold claim: 2024 is the golden era for hosting your events outdoors in jaw-dropping locations. And why is...

The world of food and drink events—a vibrant tapestry of tastes, sights, and sounds, where people come together to celebrate, discover, and indulge. At Purvis Marquee Hire, we've seen a lot, done a considerable amount and yes, we have quite a few stories to tell. From...

A Quick Guide to Planning Your Outdoor Event with Purvis Marquee Hire Hello, event managers and organisers! Planning an outdoor event in the UK can be a fantastic venture, as you will find it also comes with its unique challenges and considerations. The following list...

Ah, trade shows! The buzzing energy of entrepreneurs, the sparkle of shiny new products, and the hum of networking—all within a bustling space. But what if we told you that your next trade show could be something more than just a bunch of stalls in a hall? Imagine a...

We share a little of what it takes to put the Cocktail Village together.

When it comes to orchestrating premier sporting events, I know that you, as an event manager, have a mammoth task at hand. We've been on the frontlines of some of the UK's most prestigious sporting events and we both know, a seamless event requires not just robust...

When Time is of the Essence One of the most striking features of Purvis Marquee Hire is our agility and speed. In a situation where every moment counts, such as the aftermath of a fire or other disaster, we've always come through in the clutch. Our vast stock of...

The Psychology of Event Planning with Purvis Marquees Imagine this: You've just arrived at an event, and the second you step in, there's an electrifying atmosphere. The lighting is soft but dramatic, the layout leads you naturally through an awe-inspiring journey, and...

Navigating the Future with Purvis Marquee Hire The atmosphere at Purvis Marquee Hire crackles with energy whenever the blueprint for a hybrid event lands on our desks. For those still acclimatising to this blend of the virtual and the physical, let me say this: hybrid...

A Deep Dive into Sustainable Event Planning Imagine: you’re in the middle of orchestrating the largest tech conference of the year. The clock is running down fast and every ticking second is a Slack message, a phone buzz, a new problem to solve. Suddenly, amidst the...

Maybe you've organised conferences in bustling hotels and intimate gatherings in chic westend rooftop bars. Consider an elegant marquee tent, surrounded by nature's grandeur, it always leaves an incredible impression when done right. People often underestimate the...

From Purvis Marquee Hire's perspective we're diving into a subject that's essential for both our customers and us—why "near me" Google searches matter, particularly in the event marquee hire industry. The Power of Proximity Let's face it, when you're planning an...

The answer to this question comes from knowing the answer to the following questions: What location (address), this will determine transport and logistics. The date of your event is important, while we have a large quantity of stock we are committed to large events...

Purvis Marquee Hire Ltd are proud to announce that we have been awarded our certificate of accreditation by Alcumus SafeContractor in the work categories of: Ability to Subcontract Events and Leisure Management Principal Contractor Temporary Structures In the industry...

  The 2019 Concours of Elegance took place from Friday 6 to Sunday 8 September at Hampton Court Palace. The Concours of Elegance began at Windsor Castle in 2012, before moving to St James’s Palace in 2013, Hampton Court Palace in 2014 at the Palace of Holyroodhouse in...

As you may gather, you, our customers are very important to us and we do our utmost to give you a service that you are more than happy with.  We deal in facts, accountability, responsibility, ensuring you are consulted and informed. This means that beyond working with...

You want your wedding day to be perfect in every way. With experience of hundreds of wedding marquees, we understand the desire for it to be an amazing day. We aim to manage our part of your day professionally and efficiently so that you can enjoy your wedding....

As Edinburgh Cocktail Week launches tonight at the Cocktail Village in Festival Square we will be updating our social channels with film, photography and interviews. We are passionate about helping the events industry be the best that it can be, our sponsorship in...

Are you bursting at the seams to accommodate a new intake? As we well know cattle are substantially bigger than they were 40 years ago and both sheep and pigs have gone that way too (breed dependent). You maybe need temporary calving shelters / cattle nursery housing...

It is with great honour that Purvis Marquees became Silver Partners of the Duke of Edinburgh's Award. The Duke of Edinburgh’s Award is the world’s leading achievement award for young people. They are a Charity and aim to create a world where young people can reach...